掌握雅思阅读精读训练的正确方法
关于雅思精读，有很多考生觉得太浪费时间了，而且见效慢。今天小编给大家带来了掌握雅思阅读精读训练的正确方法，希望能够帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
掌握雅思阅读精读训练的正确方法
精读(intensive reading)是相对于泛读(extensive reading)来说的。如果泛读可以理解为“广泛的读”，那我们可以把精读称之为“精细的读”。何为精细的读呢?我认为精读是逐字逐句地读，全面理解文中单词的词义，理清句子结构，读懂句子进而理解段落和文章结构。
精读是一种非常有效的提高阅读能力的阅读方式。一个英语水平中等的考生如果能认真完成十几篇雅思真题的精读，再加上一些针对性的训练，阅读单项取得 7.5 分以上的成绩不成问题。精读除了能帮我们提高雅思考试需要的阅读能力，还有助于积累词汇和好的表达方式，对写作也大有帮助。
那么雅思阅读该如何精读呢?现在我们就来看看精读这味药：雅思精读成分：剑桥真题 4-10。
对于准备参加雅思考试的同学来说，真题是最好的练习资料。而雅思真题非常有限，剑 4 到 剑 10 共 28 套题 84 篇文章，所以要充分利用真题，认真做每一篇精读。
疗程 & 剂量：半个月，每天坚持精读一套真题(三篇)，或做等量的针对性练习。根据个人情况，酌情增减。
接下来我们来看看具体的使用方法，根据不同的问题对症下药：
雅思阅读适用症 1：单词不认识，句子读不懂。
雅思精读训练适用说明：在规定时间内做完一套阅读题并核对完答案之后，将阅读原文中的答案句和重点句逐句精读，复习时间充裕者可做全文精读。
划出一句话中的生词并通过查词典(点我看词典推荐)搞懂词义，将这些词按照类别整理出来，经常翻看。同时也要注意积累高频考点词和同近义表达。
一句话读不懂的一个可能的原因是生词较多或关键词不认识。精读首先帮助我们积累生词。雅思阅读的内容包罗万象，天文地理、人类发展、环境保护、经济技术、语言文化、人物传记等都有涉及。每类文章都存在一些对于理解文章起到重要作用的单词，把这些单词积累下来对于理解这篇文章以及今后再做同类的阅读题大有帮助。
有些词虽然不是生词，但它们在文章及题目中重复出现，也就是我们所说的考点词，这些词往往是解题的关键。因此在精读的过程中也要划出这些考点词，记住它们并对这些词保持敏感。
做过雅思真题的朋友可能已经发现了，雅思阅读中处处都是同义词替换。所以在精读过程中不光要积累不认识的生词和高频考点词，还要注意找出同近义词和上下义替换的词组，这些地方往往都是出题点。同样的，要把这些同近义词 / 表达总结整理出来并经常翻看，加深印象。
雅思阅读适用症 2：单词都认识，句子依然读不懂。
雅思精读训练适用说明：而当一句话中每个词都认识，但还是看不懂这句话要表达的意思，可能是句子结构没搞清楚。这时你需要做的是句子结构分析练习。
具体做法是：先判断这个句子所属的结构类型，是简单句、并列复合句还是主从复合句，主句、从句、连接词分别是什么。然后找到句子的主语和谓语，理解句子的主干。接下来进行成分划分，即分析这句话中的各个部分在此句中作何成分。搞清楚了这些以后试着理解这句话的含义，时间充裕的话可以试着写下翻译。
举个例子：The advantages claimed for such foods over conventionally grown and marketed food products are now being debated.这是一个简单句。
先找句子主干：The advantages [主语] are now being debated [谓语].
再看其他部分做什么成分：claimed for such foods over conventionally grown and marketed food products 作定语，是修饰主语 the advantages 的。这句话可翻译为：有人认为绿色食品比用常规方法生产和销售的食品更好，但这种说法现在受到了质疑。
这样做下来虽然比较费时费力，但效果非常好。通常情况下，当完成 300 个句子分析后就能明显感到自己的阅读能力有很大提高。
雅思阅读适用症 3：句子能读懂，文章不理解。
雅思精读训练适用说明：当你读单句时单词都认识，句子结构比较清楚，句子好像也能理解，但是看完一遍整篇文章之后还是不明所以。此时你可能需要进行文章逻辑训练。当进行完单句的精读之后，从宏观的角度看看每个段落的大意是什么，它们在逻辑上是如何安排的，确定句间及段落间逻辑关系(因果、转折、并列等)，划出逻辑标志词。此时再找出刚刚做过的题目，分析错误原因，找到答案的出处，经过这样循序渐进的练习你就会发现考官出题的思路。
注意事项：123 需要一起使用，也就是在精读一篇文章时按照这个顺序，先解决单词的问题，然后是句子，接着是段落文章。如果有某个部分特别薄弱，比如不认识的单词太多、完全理不清句子结构等，就要加大相对应的能力训练。
雅思阅读小范围预测
文章题目 We have star performers
重复年份 20160114 20121124
题材 商业管理
题型 段落细节配对 4+判断 4+填空 5
文章大意 人才与天赋，讨论人才和选人标准之间的论证。讲公司考核员工主要的依据，talents, 文章批判了传统的观点(才能是与生俱来的，是不变的，是需要公司去发现的。文章先用一段肯定了有才能的人的存在，然后分段讲到，才能是随时间变化的，是不能被精确度量的，是可以凭努力换来的。
文章题目 Newly Hatched birds
重复年份 20150430 20130718 20100821 20070922
题材 动物
题型 暂无
文章大意 有一种通过敲击蛋壳加速蛋的孵化，并解释了同时孵化的原因。后面又比较
了各种鸟的喂食方式。
参考阅读： The changes in body weight and composition were examined in broilers that either had immediate access to feed and water or had not been fed for 48 h posthatch. Chicks without access to feed decreased in BW by 7.8% in the 48 h posthatch, which was equivalent to 5.3 kcal/45 g chick/d. However, during this period the small intestines increased in weight and protein content by 80% or more. The decrease in yolk fat and protein could account for most of the changes in body composition in the feed-deprived chick. In contrast, fed chicks grew by 5 g and used 4.5 kcal/d for maintenance; during this period small intestines increased in weight by 110%. Intestinal absorption of exogenous nutrients was determined from hatch through 4 d posthatch by administration of a bolus of labeled glucose, methionine, or oleic acid, together with a nonabsorbed reference substance. Absorption of fatty acids was more than 80% at hatch and was higher than that of glucose and methionine, which was low especially when the bolus was administered as a solution. Absorption of all components tested increased with age and was more than 80% on Day 4. Duodenal in situ uptake determinations in hatching chicks indicated that uptake of oleic acid was high from yolk and saline solutions compared with glucose and methionine, which exhibited low uptake from yolk but higher uptake from saline solutions. These studies indicate that, although the small intestine has the capacity to absorb carbohydrates and amino acids at hatch, uptake may be dependant on the development of suitable conditions, including sufficient pancreatic and brush border enzymes for digestion and adequate sodium for function of the glucose-sodium cotransporters.
......
文章题目 Egypt‘s Sunken Treasures
重复年份 20150509 20120331
题材 考古
题型 配对 4+判断+填空
文章大意 埃及一个古建筑在海底被发现了，考古学家拯救海底建筑。
参考阅读： The exhibition of Egyptian antiquities currently at the Grand Palais in Paris possesses an international importance comparable in the past 40 years only with the exhibition of Chinese art organised by Beijing at the Petit Palais in 1973. Instead of famous works of art from museums or private collections, it displays a great number of new archaeological discoveries, including some unexpected chef d'oeuvres, all but one unpublished before now. Shown first in Berlin, it has been organised by a French underwater archaeologist, Franck Goddio (Fig. 5), to present the results of well over 10 years of his research along the shores of the Nile delta. [FIGURE 5 OMITTED] During the first millennium AD, several earthquakes and floods between Alexandria and the western mouth of the Nile caused the coastline to sink into the sea along a stretch of some 30 kilometres. ThonisHeraklion, at the end of the Canopic branch of the Nile, and the neighbouring city of Kanopos-East disappeared during the 7th-8th century. The inundation of Alexandria's eastern harbour, called by the Romans Portus Magnus, occurred between the mid 4th and the early 14th centuries AD. Goddio has been assisted by a skilful team drawn from Egypt, France, Germany and elsewhere. But the vision, the will and the tenacity that have kept together the complex machinery of the enterprise are his. Now over 50, Goddio has wide experience of diving in the Pacific and the Atlantic. The results of his long underwater search presented in the Grand Palais are in many ways comparable to the rediscovery of Troy by Schliemann in the 19th century and of Tutankhamun's tomb by Lord Carnarvon and Howard Carter in the 1920s. It is true that among the underwater ruins that he has explored, Goddio has not recovered any gold and silver treasure comparable with the findings of Schliemann and Carter. As far as gold is concerned, the show includes only some coins, earrings, rings, amulets and crosses. However, the discovery under the sea after so many centuries of three ancient ports enables Goddio to take his place not only beside Schliemann and Carter but also
雅思阅读模拟题：Suns fickle heart may leave us cold
Sun's fickle heart may leave us cold
□ 25 January 2007
□ From New Scientist Print Edition.
□ Stuart Clark
1 There's a dimmer switch inside the sun that causes its brightness to rise
and fall on timescales of around 100,000 years - exactly the same period as
between ice ages on Earth. So says a physicist who has created a computer model
of our star's core.
2 Robert Ehrlich of George Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia, modelled
the effect of temperature fluctuations in the sun's interior. According to the
standard view, the temperature of the sun's core is held constant by the
opposing pressures of gravity and nuclear fusion. However, Ehrlich believed that
slight variations should be possible.
3 He took as his starting point the work of Attila Grandpierre of the
Konkoly Observatory of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. In 2005, Grandpierre
and a collaborator, Gábor ágoston, calculated that magnetic fields in the sun's
core could produce small instabilities in the solar plasma. These instabilities
would induce localised oscillations in temperature.
4 Ehrlich's model shows that whilst most of these oscillations cancel each
other out, some reinforce one another and become long-lived temperature
variations. The favoured frequencies allow the sun's core temperature to
oscillate around its average temperature of 13.6 million kelvin in cycles
lasting either 100,000 or 41,000 years. Ehrlich says that random interactions
within the sun's magnetic field could flip the fluctuations from one cycle
length to the other.
5 These two timescales are instantly recognisable to anyone familiar with
Earth's ice ages: for the past million years, ice ages have occurred roughly
every 100,000 years. Before that, they occurred roughly every 41,000 years.
6 Most scientists believe that the ice ages are the result of subtle
changes in Earth's orbit, known as the Milankovitch cycles. One such cycle
describes the way Earth's orbit gradually changes shape from a circle to a
slight ellipse and back again roughly every 100,000 years. The theory says this
alters the amount of solar radiation that Earth receives, triggering the ice
ages. However, a persistent problem with this theory has been its inability to
explain why the ice ages changed frequency a million years ago.
7 "In Milankovitch, there is certainly no good idea why the frequency
should change from one to another," says Neil Edwards, a climatologist at the
Open University in Milton Keynes, UK. Nor is the transition problem the only one
the Milankovitch theory faces. Ehrlich and other critics claim that the
temperature variations caused by Milankovitch cycles are simply not big enough
to drive ice ages.
8 However, Edwards believes the small changes in solar heating produced by
Milankovitch cycles are then amplified by feedback mechanisms on Earth. For
example, if sea ice begins to form because of a slight cooling, carbon dioxide
that would otherwise have found its way into the atmosphere as part of the
carbon cycle is locked into the ice. That weakens the greenhouse effect and
Earth grows even colder.
9 According to Edwards, there is no lack of such mechanisms. "If you add
their effects together, there is more than enough feedback to make Milankovitch
work," he says. "The problem now is identifying which mechanisms are at work."
This is why scientists like Edwards are not yet ready to give up on the current
theory. "Milankovitch cycles give us ice ages roughly when we observe them to
happen. We can calculate where we are in the cycle and compare it with
observation," he says. "I can't see any way of testing [Ehrlich's] idea to see
where we are in the temperature oscillation."
10 Ehrlich concedes this. "If there is a way to test this theory on the
sun, I can't think of one that is practical," he says. That's because variation
over 41,000 to 100,000 years is too gradual to be observed. However, there may
be a way to test it in other stars: red dwarfs. Their cores are much smaller
than that of the sun, and so Ehrlich believes that the oscillation periods could
be short enough to be observed. He has yet to calculate the precise period or
the extent of variation in brightness to be expected.
11 Nigel Weiss, a solar physicist at the University of Cambridge, is far
from convinced. He describes Ehrlich's claims as "utterly implausible". Ehrlich
counters that Weiss's opinion is based on the standard solar model, which fails
to take into account the magnetic instabilities that cause the temperature
fluctuations.
掌握雅思阅读精读训练的正确方法相关文章：
★ 雅思阅读技巧汇总
★ 雅思阅读高分技巧
掌握雅思阅读精读训练的正确方法
