托福独立写作现在怎么评分
托福独立写作现在怎么评分
托福独立写作现在怎么评分?0到5分全分数段打分标准精讲。今天小编给大家带来了 托福独立写作现在怎么评分，希望可以帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
托福独立写作现在怎么评分?0到5分全分数段打分标准精讲
托福独立写作5分作文评分标准
此分数的文章大体有以下特点：有效地针对话题完成任务;能充分展开，结构清晰，使用适当的解释，例证和/或细节;体现出一致、递进、连贯的特点;语言熟练，能使用不同的句法、合适的措辞和习语，允许出现次要的词汇或语法错误。
托福独立写作4分作文评分标准
此分数的文章大体有一下的特点：很好地针对话题完成任务，但是一些论点没有充分展开;总体上能够充分展开，结构清晰，使用适当的解释、例证和/或细节体现出一致、递进、连贯的特点。但是存在偶尔没必要的重复、离题或是不清楚的联系;语言熟练，能使用出不同的句法和词汇。但是在结构、词汇、或是习惯用法上存在明显的次要错误，尽管这些错误并不影响意思的表达。
托福独立写作3分作文评分标准
此分数的文章有以下问题：针对话题完成任务时所用的解释、例证和/或细节没有充分展开;体现一致、递进、连贯的特点，但是偶尔出现观点的联系不清;造句和选词的不熟悉使得文章缺乏清晰度，并且偶尔使意思含混不清;句式结构和词汇使用准确但是存在局限性。
托福独立写作2分作文评分标准
此分数的文章有以下不足：针对话题完成任务时论点展开有限;结构不太清晰或论点之间的联系不充分;支持或是阐述论点时所使用的解释、例证和/和细节不合适或不充分;存在明显的选词和/或拼写错误;句子结构和/或用法上存在大量的错误。
托福独立写作1分作文评分标准
此得分的作文存在以下严重缺陷：文章严重缺乏组织和展开;细节很少，或根本没有、或不相关、或是完成任务是存在很大的问题;句子结构或用法存在严重又频繁的错误。
托福独立写作0分作文评分标准
仅仅是从题目中抄句子，拒绝针对话题写作，或所写和话题根本无关，或用其他语言写作，或文中只包括无意义的键盘符号，或是什么也不写。
总而言之，考生想要实现作文提分目标，了解评分标准可谓是关键一步，因此本文内容还请大家认真学习记熟，为托福独立写作高分作文打好基础。
托福写作语料库积累：独自旅行(一)
托福写作语料库积累:独自旅行
1 Learn more about yourself. Discover yourself.
Once you set off on a solo journey to unknown place, you start getting to know yourself much better. You are on your own. You start listening to your heart and you are finally able to achieve some level of internal equilibrium and focus of mind. You start to discover yourself once again – things you are capable of, things you are afraid or scared of. You face your fears and you defeat them. There is no stress around andyou feel alive.
2 Make new friends. Speak to strangers.
Meet people. Speak to strangers. Have fun. Observe.
When we travel with companions, we tend to stick to that group of people and even though we try our best to get to know new people, the dynamics and interactions will certainly not be as deep and fulfilling. I’ve noticed that when I am on my own on the road, I’m definitely more eager to chat with locals, meet travel buddies, team up with other travelers and generally reach out more in order to socialize. It seems so natural. Travelling solo definitely enables you to speak directly to some locals and stop being shy with people. In this way, you can make new friend and gain valuable insider knowledge about wherever you are.
3 Experience new things.
When you travel solo, people are more open and direct with you. Thus, you can experience more new things than you would when travelling with someone. People will invite you home and welcome you warmly in their place. They will share everything they have with you, sometimes giving you more than they possess. You willnotice their smile and small gestures you often ignore when travelling with someone else by your side.
4 Freedom. Peace. Flexibility.
Take the risk. Embrace the world. Feel free.
When you travel on your own, you are definitely more flexible with time, next destination and decisions you make. You team up with travel buddies you like the most and end up expanding your travel plans. You are free to change your plans whenever you want to. You are free to sleep as long as you want to. You can hitchhike, hike, dance on the beach, change your destination at last minute without stress and compromises. When you travel, you are open to change and you will welcome it with open arms. No more fitting into a group’s agenda. No more explanations or disappointing anyone. You just follow rhythm, heart and mind.
5. Loneliness? What’s that?
In fact, when travelling solo, you will never feel lonely. Once you get to any hostel or hotel and you will see plenty of solo travelers who are in the same boat. You all travel for the same reasons, you all miss home at some point and you all want to experience new things. It is incredible to see how much you have in common with people who you have not met before. You get to know each other, you make friends and keep in touch. We meet once again after some time in a different place and you all laugh at all of these awkward and unforgettable moments you shared together.
托福写作语料库积累：独自旅行(二)
托福写作语料库积累:独自旅行
6 Overcome your fears. Challenge your insecurities.
A plate of snake meat I challenged to eat
What does not kill you, makes you stronger and that’s so true. When you are left on your own, you start fighting for what really matters to you. You overcome the fear of heights, darkness, spiders or even new food. The more you travel, the less you fear. As long as you make regular solo trips, you will feel more confident each time, no matter what your fear is which is also a good excuse to travel regularly.
7 Indulge in anything you want without being judged.
Without a doubt, eating is one of the most enjoyable aspects of travel. Be it street food or in a restaurant. Once you start travelling solo, you also start appreciating food more and you will end up eating things that you would normally not eat at home. Youbecome more adventurous with food. You can finally take in all the Thai pad thai, Italian pizza, Belgian macaroons and Chinese dumplings you find on your travels if you so desire without worrying about other people noticing!
8 Save money.
Travel solo and save money
In most cases, you can find travelling solo cheaper than travelling with someone. Why? Nobody teases you with local delicacies so it is easier to resist the temptation and spend less money on food (my case). You are also more likely to buy less souvenirs and useless gadgets. More importantly, your travel companion might prefer more convenient and expensive way of travelling and it’s sometimes awkward to say “Sorry, it’s too expensive for me”.
9 Gain confidence.
When you travel solo you might face various problems, make decisions and even take some risk on your own. All these situations will, with no doubts, make you stronger, braver and much more confident though. Being alone on the road is a great challenge and as we know the challenges make us grow stronger and wiser not only as travellers but also as human-beings. When travelling on your own you can learn many skills such as time management and decision making.
10 No drama.
How many times did you argue with your travel buddies? How many times did you have to meet him/her half-way? If things do not go well, the entire trip can be a miserable, drama-filled time you’d love to forget. There is no drama when you travel on your own. No arguments. No fights.
To sum up, we should not be scared to set off for a solo journey! For some people it might be a tough decision and a weird feeling for the first days of solo expedition, but at the end of the day you will not regret it as it’s much more adventurous and challenging, it shapes your personality and gives you enormous possibilities to test yourself.
托福写作语料库积累：未来的学生们是否不再使用纸媒书籍
托福写作思路拓展
纸媒书籍存在的理由和不可替代性：
1. 无论电子阅读多么便利和有趣，很多学生改变不了用纸媒书籍学习的习惯。例如，我的同龄人，他们不习惯也不喜欢电子书，尤其是以电子书作为教科书，因为电子阅读极其不便，无法随时地做标记和笔记。
2. 对比其他的电子读物，传统的纸媒有其优势。具体而言，很多电子小说可随意发表，质量难保证，但是，纸媒书籍，比较而言，内容优质。 例如，作为文学爱好者，我喜欢阅读文学作品， 网络小说很少吸引我，因为其内容比较庸俗，文笔很差，极少带来阅读快感。相反，我自己喜欢阅读一本名为《作家》的杂志，我不读网络杂志，因为拿到一本新书的感觉很踏实，淡淡的墨香激发我立刻阅读的兴趣。
手机阅读或网络阅读的好处：(让步段)
我承认，电子阅读也有其流行的理由，例如：储存量大，携带便利，价格低廉，资源丰富，比较环保。但是，我想反驳的是：电子阅读也有其弊端。比如，长期接触电子辐射有害视力，另外，电子书库信息量很大，有时候，我们反而无从选择自己的喜欢的书籍。
托福写作基础语料库
1. printed books n印刷书籍
2. e-reading n电子阅读
3. deeply rooted reading habit n 根深蒂固的阅读习惯
4. can never replace traditional way of reading v永远无法代替传统的阅读方式
5. A and B are not mutually exclusive …… 和 …… 不是互相排斥的
托福写作语料库
1. The past century has witnessed tremendous technological progress and these changes re-shaped some people’s reading choices.
一百年来，科技在进步，这种进步也改变了很多人的阅读选择。
解析：tremendous = great 巨大的
2. People still read, however，some people might have different preferences such as on-line reading or appreciating their favorite books via the cell phone.
人们依然在阅读，但是，人们的喜好也许在变化，例如很多人喜欢网络阅读和手机阅读。
解析：via prep通过
3. Some people argue that if the popularity of e-reading keeps expanding at current rate, our reading will be dominated by on-line or cell phone reading two decades later.
有人认为如果电子阅读以这样的速度上升，20年后，手机阅读和网络阅读最终将会占据主导地位。
4. It is true that the number of reading printed books is， to some extent，declining, but, this trend does not necessarily indicate conventional way of reading will give way to e-reading.
的确，那些阅读印刷书籍的人数在一定程度上减少，但是，这不一定意味着电子阅读会取代传统阅读。
5. The quality of many e-books cannot be ensured because almost every individual can publish articles on line，conversely，reading printed books with excellent contents can stir readers’ imagination, tap their creativity and deepen their insights into their lives.
因为几乎人人可以发表网络文章，所以，很多电子读物的质量难以保障，相反，阅读内容优质的纸媒书籍可以激发人的想象力，开发人的创造性，加深人对于生活的洞察。
6. Indeed，I have to concede that many readers，especially teenagers, seem to be drawn to the popular e-reading.
我承认，很多人，尤其是青少年读者，似乎被被流行的电子阅读所吸引。
7. Nonetheless，I want to rebut that on no account can we neglect the downsides triggered by e-reading.
但是，我想反驳的是任何情况下我们不能忽视电子阅读带来的弊端。
8. First，as for some of my peers，it is hard for them to change deeply rooted habit of reading printed books or newspapers.
对于我的很多同龄人而言，他们很难改变根深蒂固的阅读纸媒的习惯。
9. No matter how convenient or amusing e-reading is，I still have a preference for reading printed newspapers and magazines.
无论电子阅读多么便利和有趣，我依然喜欢阅读印刷版的报纸杂志。
10. For example，as a literature fancier，I take keen interest in reading a magazine entitled Writer，I can either read printed book or and enjoy on-line magazine， however， I still have a sentimental attachment to the traditional way of reading .
例如，我是文学发烧友，很喜欢阅读一本名为《作家》的杂志，我可以选择购买书籍，也可以选择网络阅读，但是，我始终对于传统的阅读方式更加依赖.
解析：have a sentimental attachment to 对于……有情感的依恋
11. The ink fragrance of the book never fails to make me feel at ease, when holding a newly published magazine, I usually have an impulse of browsing the book and make some personal notes immediately .
一本新书散发着墨香，拿在手里，比较踏实，我可以随时笔记。
解析：make me feel at ease v使我感到心安
12. E-books enjoy their unique merits. To name just a few, e-books have large storage room, are easy to carry, have rich on-line resources and so on.
电子阅读有其独有的利好, 例如，电子书存储量大，携带便利，资源丰富等等。
13. Seen from the perspective of health, chronic exposure to the screen might impair one’s eyesight.
从健康的角度而言，长期接触电子辐射有害视力。
解析：chronic adj 长期的
解析：impair one’s eyesight v 有害视力
14. With the availability of an ocean of e-books，sometimes，it is hard for readers to select their favorite books.
电子书库信息量很大，有时候，读者反而无从选择他们的喜欢的书籍。
15. The ideal learning effect created by printed books can never be matched by e-reading.
使用纸媒书籍，效果更佳，电子阅读，难以实现。
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