托福阅读如何通过逻辑关键词解答句子插入题
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托福阅读中句子插入题是比较有难度的一种题型，一般会出现在每篇阅读比较靠后的段落中。今天小编给大家带来托福阅读如何通过逻辑关键词解答句子插入题,希望可以帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
托福阅读如何通过逻辑关键词解答句子插入题?
托福阅读句子插入题简介
句子插入题是考察句子与句子关系的题目。句子之间连接常见的线索有四项：指代、连接性副词、句子打头的并列连词FANBOYS(for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so)，以及观点与事实。其中前三项是可见线索，最后一项是不可见线索。这里主要介绍连接性的副词。
托福阅读常见逻辑关系词汇罗列
并列 递进：Besides, In addition, in fact, indeed, also…
转折：however, nevertheless, nonetheless, still, instead…
因果：thus, hence, therefore, consequently, accordingly…
目的：to do不定式短语做状语
解释：That is (to say)…, In other words…, To put it in another way…
举例：for example/instance
句间连接性副词有以上这些常考的逻辑关系。
实例讲解托福阅读插入题的逻辑关系词运用
Paragraph 1: The city of Teotihuacán, which lay about 50 kilometers northeast of modern-day Mexico City, began its growth by 200-100 B.C. At its height, between about A.D. 150 and 700, it probably had a population of more than 125,000 people and covered at least 20 square kilometers. A. █ It had over 2,000 apartment complexes, a great market, a large number of industrial workshops, an administrative center, a number of massive religious edifices, and a regular grid pattern of streets and buildings. B. █ Clearly, much planning and central control were involved in the expansion and ordering of this great metropolis. C. █ Moreover, the city had economic and perhaps religious contacts with most parts of Mesoamerica (modern Central America and Mexico). D. █
In fact, artifacts and pottery from Teotihuacán have been discovered in sites as far away as the Mayan lowlands, the Guatemalan highlands, northern Mexico, and the Gulf Coast of Mexico.
我们要考虑什么地方能把两句话之间联系在一起。当你看到in fact的时候，大家来猜想句与句之间是什么逻辑关系呢?在英文中，in fact前后其实是并列、递进的关系，并不像我们中文中“事实上”是前后的转折。在托福阅读中，有in fact的地方，其实都是一个并列、递进的关系。
也就是，前后两句的意思基本上是取同的。如果你认为in fact的前后不一样，你会发现再也找不到答案了。这个真的不是开玩笑。在整个官方真题Official中我们能找到6、7道题由in fact开头的句子插入题。明确了句间的关系，我们进一步来看这句话具体的内容。它说，事实上来自Teotihuacán的陶器和工艺品能够在很远的地方被发现，然后是地点的举例。在阅读中，我们碰到并列的内容求同不求异，所以后面打包处理为很远的地方。
这些陶器和艺术品能够在别的地方被发现意味着什么呢?意味着它跟别的地方应该是有联系的。那么我们来一一判断每个空前有没有提到它跟别的地方是有联系的。
读完可以发现，A、B、C三个选项前面都没有讲到它跟别的地方的联系。再看D选项，它说这个城市或许有和中美洲的经济和宗教的联系，这里才出现联系。所以唯一能够跟前面匹配起来的就是D选项。前面说这个地方跟别地方有宗教和经济的联系，之后举个事实来支持它的工艺品能够在别的地方被发现，说明它果然有联系，所以用in fact来支持前面的观点。
在考虑句与句之间的关系的时候，一定要去注意这些表示句间逻辑关系的词，这些就体现了作者讲话的意图。
托福阅读100个长难句精选汇总深度解析：With climax biome...
托福阅读100个长难句实例分析
原句案例：
With "climax," "biome," "superorganism," and various other technical terms for the association of animals and plants at a given locality being criticized, the term "ecosystem" was more and more widely adopted for the whole system of associated organisms together with the physical factors of their environment.
词汇讲解：
technical adj. 使用术语的, 专业的
term n. 术语
结构划分：
(With "climax," "biome,""superorganism," and various other technical terms) (for the association of animals and plants) (at a given locality) (being criticized), the term "ecosystem" was more and more widely adopted (for the whole system)(of associated organisms) (together with the physical factors of their environment.)
深度分析：
这个句子的主干就是：
the term "ecosystem" was more and more widely adopted
修饰一：(With "climax,""biome," "superorganism," and various other technical terms) ，介词短语
中文：随着“顶峰”、“生物群系”、“超级有机体”
修饰二：(for the association of animals and plants)，介词短语
中文：关于动植物联系
修饰三：(at a given locality) ，介词短语
中文：在一个给定的地点
修饰四：(being criticized) ，非谓语动词
中文：被批评
修饰五：(for the whole system) ，介词短语
中文：对于这个系统
修饰六：(of associated organisms) ，介词短语
中文：相互联系的有机体
修饰七：(together with the physical factors of their environment.) ，介词短语
中文：以及它们环境中的物理因素
参考翻译：
随着“顶峰”、“生物群系”、“超级有机体”(它们用来描述一个给定地点的动植物联系)以及各种其它专业术语受到批评，对于相互联系的有机体以及它们环境中的物理因素形成的整体系统来说，这个术语“生态系统”越来越被广泛采用。
托福阅读100个长难句精选汇总深度解析：some societies domesticated...
托福阅读100个长难句实例分析
原句案例：
The fact that some societies domesticated animals and plants, discovered the use of metal tools, became literate, and developed a state should not make us forget that others developed pastoralism or horticulture (vegetable gardening) but remained illiterate and at low levels of productivity; a few entered the modern period as hunting and gathering societies.
词汇讲解：
domesticate /də'mestɪkeɪt/ v. 驯养(动物)
literate /'lɪtərət/ adj. 有读写能力的;有文化的
pastoralism /'pæstərəlɪzəm/ n. 田园主义(风格)，畜牧主义
horticulture /'hɔːtɪ,kʌltʃə/ n. 园艺，园艺学
结构划分：
The fact (that some societies domesticated animals and plants, discovered the use of metal tools, became literate, and developed a state) should not make us forget (that others developed pastoralism or horticulture (vegetable gardening) but remained illiterate and at low levels of productivity); a few entered the modern period (as hunting and gathering societies.)
深度分析：
这个句子的主干就是：
The fact should not makeus forget
修饰一：that others developed pastoralism or horticulture (vegetable gardening) but remained illiterate and at low levels of productivity，从句
从句中还有一个A but B结构，要注意
中文：其它社会虽然发展了畜牧或园艺(蔬菜园艺)，但依然没有文化并且生产力低下
修饰二：(that some societies domesticate danimals and plants, discovered the use of metal tools, became literate, and developed a state) ，从句，修饰fact。
这个同位语从句很长，其中一个并列结构：A, B, C, and D，这个从句把这个句子的主谓隔开了，大家注意断句
中文：一些社会驯养动植物、发现金属工具的用处、变得有文化以及发展出了一个国家
修饰三：(as hunting and gathering societies.)，介词短语
中文：以狩猎和采集的社会
参考翻译：
一些社会驯养动植物、发现金属工具的用处、变得有文化以及发展出了一个国家，这样一个事实不应该使我们忘记：其它社会虽然发展了畜牧或园艺(蔬菜园艺)，但依然没有文化并且生产力低下;少数以狩猎和采集的社会进入了现代时期。
托福阅读100个长难句精选汇总深度解析：It is archaeologist...
托福阅读100个长难句实例分析
原句案例：
It is archaeologist Steven Mithen's thesis, brilliantly developed in his book The Prehistory of the Mind (1996), that approximately 40,000 years ago the human mind developed cognitive fluidity, that is, the integration of the specializations of the mind: technical, natural history (geared to understanding the behavior and distribution of natural resources), social intelligence, and the linguistic capacity.
词汇讲解：
archaeologist /ˌɑ:ki'ɔlədʒist/ n. 考古学家
cognitive /ˈkɔɡnitiv/ adj. 认知的
fluidity /flu:'idəti/ n. 流动性
integration /ɪntɪ'greɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 整合，熔合
gear /gɪə/ v. 调整，适用于
结构划分：
It is archaeologist Steven Mithen's thesis, (brilliantly developed in his book The Prehistory of the Mind (1996)), (that approximately 40,000 years ago the human mind developed cognitive fluidity), (that is), (the integration of the specializations of the mind: technical, natural history (geared to understanding the behavior and distribution of natural resources), social intelligence, and the linguistic capacity. )
深度分析：
这个句子的主干就是It is archaeologist Steven Mithen's thesis+后面的同位语从句，断句要注意，中间被非谓语动词 (brilliantly developed in his book The Prehistory of the Mind (1996))隔开了
修饰一：(brilliantly developed in his bookThe Prehistory of the Mind (1996)) ，非谓语动词，修饰thesis
中文：在他的书《The Prehistory of the Mind》(1996)中完美形成
修饰二：(that approximately 40,000 years ago the human mind developed cognitive fluidity) ，从句，解释thesis
中文：大约四万年前，人的思维形成了认知流动性
修饰三：(that is) ，插入语
中文：那就是
修饰四：(the integration of the specializations of the mind: technical, natural history (geared to understanding the behavior and distribution of natural resources), social intelligence, and the linguistic capacity. ) ，同位语，解释cognitive fluidity。
其中还有一个非谓语动词(geared to understanding the behavior and distribution of natural resources)，修饰history
中文：即思想专业化的融合：技术、自然历史(用于去理解自然资源的运转和分配)、社会智力以及语言能力。
参考翻译：
考古学家Steven Mithen的命题——这在他的书《The Prehistory of the Mind》(1996)中完美形成——认为：大约四万年前，人的思维形成了认知流动性，即思想专业化的融合：技术、自然历史(用于去理解自然资源的运转和分配)、社会智力以及语言能力。
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