雅思阅读句子完成题解题技巧
雅思阅读句子完成题解题技巧有哪些?对于句子完成这个形式上是填空题，但是有一定难度的题型来说，我们应该怎样解题?这篇文章就告诉你。下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
雅思阅读句子完成题解题技巧
Sentence completion(完成句子)
句子完成题题型要求
每个题目都是一个陈述句，但留有一个或两个空格，要求根据原文填空。目前考试中，绝大部分都是一个空格，而且在句子的结尾。
例如：The international community has begun to demand——
绝大部分的题目要求中有字数限制，一般有如下几种表达方式：(1) NO MORE THAN TWO/THREE/FOUR WORDS (不超过2/3/4个字);(2)ONE OR TWO WORDS (一个或两个字);(3)USE A MAXIMUM OF TWO WORDS(最多两个字)。有字数限制的，一定要严格按照要求去做，必须满足要求。
少部分的题目要求中没有字数限制，这时，请注意，答案字数也不会很长，一般不会超过四个字。
考试中，A类一般是每次必考，考一组，共三题左右。G类一般是两次考一次，考一组，共三题左右。
句子完成题特点
1.题目与选项呈单一语法属性。
2.题目与选项呈多元语法属性。
句子完成题解题步骤
(1) 找出题目中的关键词，最好先定位到原文中的一个段落。
将题目中的关键词与原文各段落的小标题或每段话的第一句相对照。有些题目能先定位到原文中的一个段落，这必将大大加快解题速度，并提高准确率。但也并非每个题目都能先定位到原文中的一个段落的。
(2) 从头到尾快速阅读该段落，根据题目中的其它关键词确定正确答案。
确定一个段落后，答案在该段落中的具体位置是未知的。所以，需要从头到尾仔细阅读该段落，找出题目中的关键词的对应词。仔细阅读对应词所在句子，确定正确答案。
(3) 要注意顺序性，即题目的顺序和原文的顺序基本一致。
句子完成题注意事项
1. 所填答案必须符合语法。同样有语法要求的题型是摘要填空(SUMMARY)，而短问答则不太要求语法。
2. 绝大部分的答案来自原文原词。大部分的答案来自原文原词，而且是原文中连续的几个词。
3. 答案字数不会很长。
绝大部分的题目要求中有字数限制，这时必须满足要求。即使题目要求中没有字数限制，答案字数也不会很长，一般不会超过四个字。如果发现找到的答案字数很多，应首先怀疑自己找错答案的位置。
原文：In addition to basic residence fees, most universities make minor additional charges for items such as registration fees,damage deposits,and power charges.
题目：As well as the basic college residence fees, additional charges and usually made, but are describes as......
有的同学可能会答registration fees, damage deposits,and power charges.因为字数太多，所以应首先怀疑是错误的。正确答案应为Minor。即附加费用被描述为是少量的、微不足道的。
4. 答案绝大部分是名词短语。所填答案绝大部分是名词短语，对应原文相应句子的宾语。也有少数题目的答案是形容词短语或副词短语。
5. 要特别注意顺序性。
由于这种题型定位比较难，所以要特别注意顺序性的运用。一道题若找了很长时间、很多段落也没有找到答案，可能是因为题目中的关键词和原文中的相应词对应不明显，答案位置已经过去。可以先做下一道题。
这种题型比较难，所以通常出现为一篇文章的第二种或第三种题型。它与前面的题型也构成顺序性，即这种题型第一题的答案位置绝大部分应在前一种题型的最后一题的答案位置之后。
雅思阅读追求速度(speed)与准确度(accuracy)的恰当结合。快而不准或准而太慢都会影响考分。考生在勤奋练习的时候掌握一些阅读技巧将达到事半功倍的效果。快速阅读最关键的是在扫描全文的时候把握每段的主旨，并做出标记，在看完全文后对文章的结构主题有大致的了解。此外，考生以单词为单位看文章，遇生词就停顿等坏习惯都要极力避免。
雅思阅读逻辑关系词的阅读功能
雅思阅读题型多变，考点在文中飘忽不定。但是作为国际化的学术英语考试，自然有其严肃稳定的考查目的和内容，始终会把对英语篇章结构和行文规律的理解作为阅读的一项基本要求重点考查。因此加强这方面的学习研究是从根本上提高应试能力的途径。本文仅从英语行文结构中逻辑关系词的作用及其阅读功能这一具体方面作初步探讨。
关于逻辑关系词在阅读中的作用，我们首先来看一段文字：
the discourse markers signal relationships: between different parts of the discourse … the main reason for studying them is their usefulness in helping the reader to work out the meaning of difficult text. They often show the relationship the writer intends between two parts of the text, so if you can understand one part, the discourse marker is a possible key to the other part. (Christine Nuttall, 1996. Teaching Reading Skills in a Foreign Language, Heinemann)
关于“discourse marker”，P.H.Matthews在其Oxford Concise Dictionary of Linguistics (Oxford University Press) 一书中是这样描述的：Any of a variety of units whose function is within a larger discourse rather than an individual sentence or clause: e.g. but then in But then he might be late. “discourse marker”虽然范围更加广泛一些，但从以上文字不难看出，它包括了我们所熟悉的逻辑关系词(即文章中用于表示并列，转折，举例，因果，递进，让步，总结等逻辑关系的固定单词或词组)。也由此可见，特别重视形式逻辑和思维分析的英语行文，在词语之间和句子之间往往会借助各种逻辑关系词清楚表达思维逻辑和语意关系。因此了解和掌握逻辑关系词可以帮助我们把握文章中语意的转换和发展，理解文章重点表达的意思。
具体到雅思阅读，逻辑关系词在解题中体现出两大功能 ：
一、语意推断
语意推断主要是运用于重点题型之一的摘要题(Summary)。具体是指根据空格所在句及前后句的逻辑关系词，分析词语之间，句子之间的语意关系，推断出所缺单词的大致含义。
例如：
1.剑4 / P77 / Q38
Some corpora include a wide range of language while others are used to focus on a particular linguistic feature.
根据while这个表示对比或转折的逻辑关系词，可以判断它前后部分是对比或反义关系。“a wide range of language”指的是语言研究的广泛的各个方面，可以预判空格处应是指具体的方面。
2.剑1 / P20 / Q4-5
The very first fire-lighting methods involved the creation of friction by, for example, rapidly rotating a wooden stick in a round hole.
根据介词“by”和“for example”这个表示举例的逻辑关系词，可以预判第二个空格应是和“creation of friction”(产生摩擦)的具体动作有关的词。
3.剑1 / P20 / Q6
The use of percussion or persistent chipping was also widespread in Europe …
根据表示并列的逻辑关系词or，可以判断它前后部分是并列关系。Chipping是“削，凿”的意思，可以预判空格处应是类似意思的词。
二、定位
根据对历年真题的总结分析，雅思阅读考试的一个重要规律是：题干中的句子之间，词语之间的逻辑关系在原文中一般不变(但表现方式可能会变)。这一规律使得逻辑关系词可以有效地协助题干关键词在原文中定位答案信息源。尤其在摘要题(Summary)中这一方法使用频率很高。
例如：
1.剑5 / P50 / Q30-31
题干：In Britain, moreover, scientists worried that English had neither the technical vocabulary nor the grammatical resources to express their ideas.
原文：First, it lacked the necessary technical vocabulary. Second, it lacked the grammatical resources required to represent the world … (Para.7)
题干中出现的neither…nor…是连接两个否定概念的并列逻辑关系词。原文中对应出现了完全相同的逻辑关系，即first, it lacked …, second it lacked …(表现方式有所变化)。我们可根据这种对应的逻辑关系在原文中快速定位答案信息源。
2.剑5 / P50 / Q33-34
题干：Although English was then overtaken by German, it developed again in the 19th century as a direct result of the industrial revolution.
原文：In the following century much of this momentum was lost as German established itself as the leading European language of science. … However, in the 19th century scientific English again enjoyed substantial lexical growth as the industrial revolution created the need for new technical vocabulary.
题干中出现的两种逻辑关系均在原文中对应出现。一是表示转折关系的although, 对应于原文中的however;二是表示因果关系的as a direct result of 对应于原文中表因果的逻辑关系词as。很显然，这对于题干信息的定位意义重大。
3.剑5 / P70 / Q25-26
题干：To deal with this, Stanley suggests the use of artificial floods in the short term, and increasing the amount of water available through desalination in the longer term.
原文：In the immediate future, Stanley believes that one solution would be to make artificial floods to flush out the delta waterways, in the same way that natural floods did before the construction of the dams. He says, however, that in the long term an alternative process such as desalination may have to be used to increase the amount of water available.
题干中出现了表示递进的逻辑关系词in the short term … in the longer term …。快速查读原文，可定位于文中相同的逻辑结构in the immediate future … in the long term …。
另外，对雅思真题文章进行精读训练的同学会发现，除了以上两大功能之外，逻辑关系词在原文中的位置还常常是命题考点最集中的地方。因此学习和掌握逻辑关系词在阅读中的功能和作用，将对提高答题的速度起关键性的作用。同时，能够熟练运用逻辑关系词对于写出条理清楚，层次分明的雅思作文也大有帮助。
附：雅思考试中常见的逻辑关系词
1.表示并列关系
likewise once again/once more in (much) the same way (manner) similarly/similar to vice versa also/as well as not only … but also … both … and … neither … nor … like/just like as/just as equally namely or and
2.表示转折关系
but/yet/whereas however otherwise in contrast (to) conversely though/although nevertheless unlike in spite of despite on the contrary even if/even though
on the one hand …, on the other hand … instead (of) not as … as … rather than even so vary different from differ from
while
3.表示举例
for example/for instance/e.g. such as that is/namely/i.e.
in other words in general/in particular a case in point is especially specifically
4.表示因果关系
as a result as a consequence consequently so/therefore/thus then for this reason hence accordingly because/because of owing to thanks to on account of
since due to …, for as this is why
5.表示递进关系
and then as well as again another also/too in addition (to) additionally additional besides (that) moreover furthermore not only … but also … what’s more
6.表示让步关系
though/although while even though/even if nevertheless in spite of/despite admittedly
7. 表示总结
in a word in brief in short above all all in all on the whole in general to conclude/in conclusion to sum up/to summarize/in summary
雅思阅读多变的同义替换考点解析
(一)词与词的替换
词与词的替换包括同义词和近义词以及前缀的变化，目的就是考查同学们是否有迅速把两个相近的单词意思联系起来的能力，也就是考查快速提取信息的能力。
1. C4T1P1 It has been 1suggested that child 2hold mistaken views about the 3'pure' science that they study at school. 根据'pure'定位到文中第二段第一行Many studies have shown that children harbour misconceptions about 'pure' science， curriculum science. 短短一句话我们可以发现有三组四处同义替换，分别为suggested-shown; hold-harbour; mistaken views-misconceptions; science that they study at school-curriculum science. 因此答案为TRUE。
2. C4T4P1 John S. Raglin believes our current knowledge of athletics is
A. mistaken
B. basic
C. diverse
D. theoretical
解析：根据人名John S. Raglin定位到文中最后一段 'Once you study athletics， you learn that it's a vexingly complex issue，'says John S. Raglin， a sports psychologist at Indiana University.' Core performance is not a simple or mundane thing of higher， faster， longer.......， and our understanding in many cases is fundamental. Fundamental为basic的近义词，意为“基础的，基本的，初步的”。
3. C5T4P3 Some types of bird can be encouraged to breed out of season.
解析：根据名词bird定位到文中第二段第七行For example， some species of birds' breeding can be induced even in the midwinter simply by increasing day length artificially. 题目与原文的句子结构一致，只是替换了个别单词，types换成了species; encouraged换成了induced， 很显然答案为TRUE。
(二)词性的变化
词性的变化是指用同一个单词的不同形式来暗示答案的出处。
1. C5T2P2 _________become active too.
解析：只有三个单词，去掉系动词become和副词too，只能拿active作为考点来去解题，根据句子结构来看，空格处缺少一个主语，同时要注意的是如果是可数名词作主语的话，一般用复数。根据上下文定位到文中的But there was also activity in the temporal lobes at the side of the head and in many other brain areas.很容易把active与activity对应上，用too替换also，句子用there be句型引出，很容易看出答案为temporal lobes。
2. C6T2P2 This is largely due to developments in medicine， but other factors such as improved _____may also play a part.
解析：根据文章的上下文我们可以定位到文中But there may be other contributing factors.Improvements in childhood nutrition in the first quarter of the twentieth century， for example， gave today's elderly people a better start in life than their predecessors.很显然improved与improvement是词性转化，空格应该填一个名词，答案为nutrition.
3. C6T3P3 Theory 1： cells less damaged by disease because fewer_____ are emitted.
解析：根据Theory 1定位到文中One possibility relates to the ATP-making machinery's emission of free radicals. 找出词性转化，便得出答案为free radicals。
(三)单词与词组和词组与词组的替换
此替换考查学生对近义词组的转化能力。
1. C5T2P1 There were several reasons for the research into plastics in the nineteenth century， among them the great advances that had been made in the field of _____and the search for alternatives to natural resources like ivory.
解析：根据nineteenth century定位到文中第二段......The impetus behind the development of these early plastics was generated by a number of factors- immense technological progress in the domain of chemistry，.......其中，in the field of意思等同于in the domain of“在....领域”，因此答案为chemistry。
2. C6T1P3 In recent years， many of them have been obliged to give up their _____ lifestyle， but they continue to depend mainly on _____ for their food and clothes.
解析：根据上下文定位到文中Over the past 40 years， most have abandoned their nomadic ways and settled in the territory's 18 isolated communities， but they still rely heavily on nature to provide food and clothing. 本题的替换很明显也很简单，因为大多数同学都认识abandon， 更知道give up是“放弃”的意思，属于单词与词组的替换，因此第一个空填nomadic， lifestyle“生活方式”与ways替换，depend mainly on与rely heavily on属于词组与词组的替换，意为“依赖......”，答案为nature。
3. C6T4P3 Playground supervision will be more effective if members of staff are trained to recognise the difference between bullying and mere______.
解析：根据上下文定位到文中E段最后Work in the playground is important， too. One helpful step is to train lunchtime supervisors to distinguish bullying from playful fighting.题中句型为recognise the difference between A and B“区分A与B”， 文中句型为distinguish A from B， 同义，答案为playful fighting。
(四)主动语态和被动语态的转化
1. C5T1P1 As a reward for his hard work， he was granted a _____ by the king.
解析：根据the king定位到文中最后一段The Dictionary， together with his other writing， made Johnson famous and so well esteemed that his friends were able to prevail upon King George III to offer him a pension. 被动语态的基本结构：主语+be+动词过去分词+by， 与文中主动语态对应上，答案为pension“养老金，退休金”。
2. C7T1P1 Radar is an inaccurate term when referring to bats because _____ are not used in their navigation system.
解析：根据上下文定位到文中It is technically incorrect to talk about bat 'radar'， since they do not use radio waves. 很显然被动语态的主语在文中为主动语态的宾语，答案为radio waves。
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