GRE阅读高频难点题型应对策略盘点
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GRE阅读高频难点题型应对策略盘点
GRE阅读高频难点题型应对策略盘点 这些难题原来还可以这么做,下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
GRE阅读高频难点题型应对策略盘点 这些难题原来还可以这么做
新GRE语文考试阅读题应对策略
1. 找文章主旨
只需读每段首尾两句总结出文章主旨即可。常见的阅读文章有4种：
a)科技文章，描述客观现象，特点是语言客观中立，术语较多，但主旨明显;
b)科技文章，方法论型，多是关于科学研究方法的，主旨为作者的观点;
c)非科技文章，人文类，有鲜明的观点，语言偏于抽象、晦涩;
d)非科技文章，社科类，论述某社会事件或人物，比较强调该事件或人物与其社会背景的关系，有比较明确的观点。
2. 回答关于全文的问题,分两类
a)关于主旨的问题，常见问法有：
The author's main purpose is...
The main idea of the passage is...
Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
Which of the following questions does the passage answer?
b)关于语气、态度和风格的问题，常见的问法有：
The author's tone is best described as...
The author views his subject with...
The author's presentation is best characterized as...
The passage is most likely from...
The author most likely thinks the reader is...
回答这类题时，一定要把握ETS的选题标准。ETS所选的文章都是思维缜密清晰、文字严谨、态度中立不偏激、对知识阶层持尊敬态度，而且通常GRE中会有一篇文章是关于女性、黑人或其它过去被歧视的群体和社会阶层，这些文章都严格遵循“政治上正确”这一原则，即不能对这些阶层持歧视或否定态度。知道了这些，许多问题就可迎刃而解了。
当然，阅读水平是GRE成功的基石，是每位GRE考生在准备过程中的重中之重。
3. 回答细节性的问题
请牢记以下几点：
a)有行数提示的要在提示行的前后几行找答案;
b)排除偏激或绝对选项，它们常含有must,the first,the best,only,each, every,all, totally, always等字眼;而选择带有may,can,some,many,sometimes,aften等字眼的选项时，正确的机率会大得多;
c)排除直接重复原文的选项，ETS的答案几乎都是对原文的重新解释;
d)正确的选项一般不会与公理常识相违背;
e)遇到有“LEAST”、“EXCEPT”或“NOT”等字的题时需格外小心，许多人都在此翻船;
f)以上ac项所指类型的题目应留到最后做，用排除法解决。
新GRE语文考试填空题应对策略
1. 背诵并深刻理解词汇书(比如红宝书等)上面的填空部分的单词。并按照考试新要求，自行整理并分类别收集词汇。
2. 脚踏实地的提高自身英语水平，充分重视长句和难句的阅读能力的提升。
3. 仔细认真的研究过去出现过的考试真题。应该把真题积极利用起来，而不是消极做题，还要按照样题的思路来分析ETS的出题思路，比如题干可以做哪些调整，题目单词可以加入哪些做替换等等。
看到这里，想必各位考生对于如何应对GRE语文考试的策略也有了一些了解和想法，希望大家能把学到的内容运用到实际备考和考试中，取得优异成绩。
GRE阅读题目解析:海洋上空云的产生
P22
Biologists know that some marine algae can create clouds by producing the gas dimethyl sulphide (DMS), which reacts with oxygen in air above the sea to form solid particles. These particles provide a surface on which water vapor can condense to form clouds. Lovelock contends that this process is part of global climatic-control system. According to Lovelock, Earth acts like a super organism, with all its biological and physical systems cooperating to keep it healthy. He hypothesized that warmer conditions increase algal activity and DMS output, seeding more clouds, which cool the planet by blocking out the Sun. Then, as the climate cools, algal activity and DMS level decrease and the cycle continues. In response to biologists who question how organisms presumably working for their own selfish ends could have evolved to behave in a way that benefits not only the planet but the organisms as well, cooling benefits the algae, which remain at the ocean surface, because it allows the cooled upper layers of the ocean to sink, and then the circulating water carries nutrients upward from the depths below. Algae may also benefit from nitrogen raining down from clouds they have helped to form.
1. According to the passage, which of the following occurs as a result of cooling in the upper layers of the ocean?
A. The concentration of oxygen in the air above the ocean’s surface decreases.
B. The concentration of DMS in the air above the ocean’s surface increases.
C. The nutrient supply at the surface of the ocean is replenished.
D. Cloud formation increases over the ocean.
E. Marine algae make more efficient use of nutrients.
2. Which of the following is most similar to the role played by marine algae in the global climate control system proposed by Lovelock?
A. A fan that continually replaces stale air in a room with fresh air from outside.
B. A thermostat that automatically controls an air-conditioning system.
C. An insulating blanket that retains heat.
D. A filter used to purify water.
E. A dehumidifier that constantly removes moisture from the air in a room.
3. The passage mentions the possible benefit to algae of nitrogen falling down in the rain most likely in order to
A. Provide support for Lovelock’s response to an objection mentioned in the passage.
B. Suggest that the climatic effects of DMS production have been underestimated.
C. Acknowledge that Lovelock’s hypothesis is based in part on speculation.
D. Demonstrate that DMS production alters the planet in more than one way.
E. Assert that algae are the sole beneficiaries of DMS production.
P22
1
Biologists know that some marine algae can create clouds by producing the gas dimethyl sulphide (DMS), which reacts with oxygen in air above the sea to form solid particles.
生物学家们已知，一些海藻能够通过产生气态二甲基硫(DMS)，与洋面上空的氧反应，组成固态微粒，产生云。
2
These particles provide a surface on which water vapor can condense to form clouds.
水蒸气可以附着在这些微粒表面液化，从而形成云。
3
Lovelock contends that this process is part of global climatic-control system.
L 认为此过程是全球天气控制系统的一部分。
(contend (及物动词)主张，声称;(不及物动词)竞争，争论，争夺)
4
According to Lovelock, Earth acts like a super organism, with all its biological and physical systems cooperating to keep it healthy.
根据 L 的观点，地球如同一个超级有机体，靠它所有的生物和物理系统协作来保持健康。
5
He hypothesized that warmer conditions increase algal activity and DMS output, seeding more clouds, which cool the planet by blocking out the Sun.
他提出假设认为，温度上升使藻类更活跃进而产生更多的 DMS，更多云，云遮蔽阳光使地球降温。
6
Then, as the climate cools, algal activity and DMS level decrease and the cycle continues.
然后，作为(调节)天气的工具，藻类活动和 DMS 水平降低，周而复始。
7
In response to biologists who question how organisms presumably working for their own selfish ends could have evolved to behave in a way that benefits not only the planet but the organisms as well, cooling benefits the algae, which remain at the ocean surface, because it allows the cooled upper layers of the ocean to sink, and then the circulating water carries nutrients upward from the depths below.
有生物学家质疑，生物理所当然为自己服务，如何能进化出一种既有利于地球又有利于自身的行为方式，(L)回应这种质疑说，降温对停留在海洋表面的藻类有好处，因为它允许冷却的表层水下沉，进而循环水流会把下方的营养物质携带到洋面。
(end 目的 aim，目标 purpose)
8
Algae may also benefit from nitrogen raining down from clouds they have helped to form.
藻类也可能从它们帮助形成的云层降水中获得养分。
1. According to the passage, which of the following occurs as a result of cooling in the upper layers of the ocean?
A. The concentration of oxygen in the air above the ocean’s surface decreases.
B. The concentration of DMS in the air above the ocean’s surface increases.
C. The nutrient supply at the surface of the ocean is replenished.
D. Cloud formation increases over the ocean.
E. Marine algae make more efficient use of nutrients.
选 C
海面的营养物质得到补充。
根据句 7 最后部分：… the circulating water carries nutrients upward from the depths below.
A
海面上空的氧浓度降低，可能正确(参与反应消耗掉一部分)，但文章没说，不符合 according to the passage 的要求，不选。
B
DMS 的浓度增加。未知信息，可能对但不选，理由同上。
D
海面上方造云加快。未知信息，不选。
E
海藻更高效地利用营养物质。下一题。
2. Which of the following is most similar to the role played by marine algae in the global climate control system proposed by Lovelock?
A. A fan that continually replaces stale air in a room with fresh air from outside.
B. A thermostat that automatically controls an air-conditioning system.
C. An insulating blanket that retains heat.
D. A filter used to purify water.
E. A dehumidifier that constantly removes moisture from the air in a room.
选 B
自动控制空调的恒温器。
thermostat 恒温器，顾名思义，就是把温度恒定控制在某种水平的装置，还能自动控制空调，跟文段所介绍的藻类通过 DMS 造云来控制 cooling process 的机制类似。
3. The passage mentions the possible benefit to algae of nitrogen falling down in the rain most likely in order to
A. Provide support for Lovelock’s response to an objection mentioned in the passage.
B. Suggest that the climatic effects of DMS production have been underestimated.
C. Acknowledge that Lovelock’s hypothesis is based in part on speculation.
D. Demonstrate that DMS production alters the planet in more than one way.
E. Assert that algae are the sole beneficiaries of DMS production.
选 A
逻辑题。
L 的结论：
藻类通过 DMS 控制天气，是地球自我调节过程的一部分。
质疑者：
藻类当然应该进化出对自己的生存有益的行为，怎么可能既对地球有益，同时对自己有益。
L 的回应：
藻类产生的 DMS 参与造云，使地球表面(水面)冷却的同时，也促成海水的热交换产生水流，从下方运输营养物质给自己。对大家都好，它好我也好。
注意，至此，L 已经证明了，藻类的行为不但有利于地球，也有利于自己。这个逻辑过程是完整的。
而最后一句，L 又加了一条：Algae may also benefit from nitrogen raining down from clouds they have helped to form. 这一句也是为 L 回应质疑而服务的，因为这一条也属于 “ 它好我也好 ” 。
GRE阅读题目解析:水中的死亡区域
P21
There have long been dead zones—water too low in oxygen to sustain most forms of life—in the Gulf of Mexico, which receives the waters of the Mississippi River. Scientists studied sediment cores from areas where the gulf’s most recent dead zone occurred. The scientists dated the sediment and counted species of foraminifera (marine protozoans) in the sediment; these species thrive in low-oxygen waters. As far back as 1823, the foraminifera thrived especially during Mississippi River flood years (during which nutrients levels increase), suggesting that nutrients in floodwaters can trigger low-oxygen water. The foraminifera in the core samples were most abundant after 1950, when farmers began using some fertilizer, which is rich in nutrients. Researchers believe that increased use of fertilizer leads to more-extreme dead zones.
1. Which of the following best describes the function of the highlighted sentence in the context of the passage as a whole?
A. It reconciles two opposing theories that were discussed earlier in the passage.
B. It suggests what the initial impetus was for the studies mentioned earlier in the passage.
C. It undermines a hypothesis that was presented in the preceding sentence.
D. It describes a problem with the methodology of the studies discussed in the passage.
E. It provides evidence supporting the belief mentioned in the final sentence of the passage.
Consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply.
2. It can be inferred from the passage that the “researchers” would agree with which of the following statements about the use of fertilizer?
A. If farmers near the Mississippi River decreased the amount of fertilizer that they used, the severity of the dead zones could be diminished.
B. If farmers near the Mississippi River continue their dependence upon fertilizers, foraminifera population will eventually decline.
C. If farmers near the Mississippi River stopped using fertilizers altogether, there would no longer be dead zones.
P21
1
There have long been dead zones — water too low in oxygen to sustain most forms of life — in the Gulf of Mexico, which receives the waters of the Mississippi River.
一直以来就存在死亡区域 —— 水中含氧量过低多数生命形式都难以存活 —— 在密西西比河倾注到墨西哥湾的水体中。
2
Scientists studied sediment cores from areas where the gulf’s most recent dead zone occurred.
科学家们研究了来自于墨西哥湾最近出现死区水域的沉淀核心。
3
The scientists dated the sediment and counted species of foraminifera (marine protozoans) in the sediment; these species thrive in low-oxygen waters.
科学家们鉴定了沉淀的年代，并计算出沉淀中的有孔虫(海洋原生动物)物种数量;这些物种能在缺氧水体中茁壮成长。
4
As far back as 1823, the foraminifera thrived especially during Mississippi River flood years (during which nutrients levels increase), suggesting that nutrients in floodwaters can trigger low-oxygen water.
从 1823 年(的记录)开始，特别是密西西比河泛滥的年份(河水携带的养分更多)有孔虫都会暴增，意味着洪水携带的养分可导致水中氧含量变低。
5
The foraminifera in the core samples were most abundant after 1950, when farmers began using some fertilizer, which is rich in nutrients.
沉淀核心样品种的有孔虫自 1950 年后普遍充足，正值农民们开始使用某些富含养分的肥料。
6
Researchers believe that increased use of fertilizer leads to more-extreme dead zones.
研究者们认为，更多地使用肥料导致死区问题加剧。
1. Which of the following best describes the function of the highlighted sentence in the context of the passage as a whole?
A. It reconciles two opposing theories that were discussed earlier in the passage.
B. It suggests what the initial impetus was for the studies mentioned earlier in the passage.
C. It undermines a hypothesis that was presented in the preceding sentence.
D. It describes a problem with the methodology of the studies discussed in the passage.
E. It provides evidence supporting the belief mentioned in the final sentence of the passage.
选 E
作为证据为最后一句话提供支持。送分题。
Consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply.
2. It can be inferred from the passage that the “researchers” would agree with which of the following statements about the use of fertilizer?
A. If farmers near the Mississippi River decreased the amount of fertilizer that they used, the severity of the dead zones could be diminished.
B. If farmers near the Mississippi River continue their dependence upon fertilizers, foraminifera population will eventually decline.
C. If farmers near the Mississippi River stopped using fertilizers altogether, there would no longer be dead zones.
选 A
A
正确。根据最后一句：… increased use of fertilizer leads to more-extreme dead zones. A 是这句话的同义转述。
B
干扰项。从实际情况推测，B 可能是正确的，当 foraminifera 的繁殖超过河水携带的最大养分供给，耗尽了生存资源，数量肯定会 decline 。但这层逻辑无法从文中给出的内容推出，不满足题设要求 inferred from the passage，不选。
C
未知信息。不但文中没有讨论，而且很可能是错的。文段开头就告诉我们：There have long been dead zones … ;最后一句也说农民使用肥料是 加剧了 more-extreme 这种现象。有理由怀疑即使没有人类活动，墨西哥湾里一样会有 dead zone 。