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any的用法和辨析

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今天和大家一起学习一下any的用法,快来一起学习吧,下面小编就和大家分享,来欣赏一下吧。

词汇精选:any的用法和辨析

一、详细释义:

adj.

任何的;所有的

例句:

He wanted a job, any sort of a job.

他需要一个工作,任何工作都行。

例句:

I'm prepared to take any advice.

我愿意接受任何忠告。

一些;一点;丝毫的

例句:

If there is any trouble, let me know.

如遇到麻烦务必告诉我。

例句:

I haven't any money to spare.

我的钱都用光了。

adv.

稍微;少许

例句:

I can't see things getting any easier for graduates.

我没看出毕业生的境遇有丝毫好转。

例句:

Anne's not getting any younger.

安妮一点没有变年轻。

pron.

任何;任何一个

例句:

Richard is taller than any of us.

理查德比我们当中任何人都高。

例句:

The children needed new school clothes and Kim couldn't afford any.

孩子们需要新校服,可是金一件也买不起。

二、词义辨析:

any,some

两者都表示“一些”的意思。 any多用在否定,疑问句中。 some多用于肯定句中。

三、相关短语:

at any cost

adv.=at all costs无论如何

at any expense

不惜代价,不管费用多大

at any rate

ad. 1.无论如何,至少

by any means

无论如何,以任何手段

in any case

在任何情况下,无论如何,不管怎么说

in any event

不管怎样,无论如何

any longer

再,仍再

四、参考例句:

Any volunteers?

有自告奋勇的吗?

Any decision.

任何决定都行。

I would overcome any weakness, any despair, any fear.

我要克服所有的软弱、绝望和恐惧。

Anyone have any ideas?

谁还有什么好主意吗?

Refrigerate any leftovers.

把剩菜放进冰箱里。

Is there any duplication?

还有任何副本吗?

Any deformity repel her.

任何缺陷都使她厌恶。

Never waste any food.

绝不要浪费食物。

Any urgent thing

有急事吗?

Any room will do.

随便一个房间就行。

从零开始学语法:some 和 any 的用法

some 的用法

some 一些,某些,某个。可代替名词和形容词。常用于肯定句。在句子中用作主语、宾语、定语。作定语时,它可以修饰单数可数名词和复数可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词。

1. 用于肯定句

Ask some boys to help you.(修饰复数可数名词)

叫些男孩来帮助你。

Please bring some coffee.(修饰不可数名词)

请拿些咖啡来。

Ask some girl to come here.(修饰单数可数名词)

叫(某)个女孩来这儿。

2. some 用于疑问句时表示“请求、邀请或希望得到肯定的回答”。

Would you like some coffee?(表示请求、邀请)

请喝咖啡。

Have you some stamps?(希望得到肯定的回答)

你有邮票吧?

any 的用法

any 一些,任何。可代替名词和形容词。常用于否定句或疑问句,也可以用于条件状语从句。作定语时,它可以修饰复数形式的可数名词和不可数名词。

1. 用于疑问句或否定句

Are there any cows in the fields?(修饰复数形式的可数名词)

田里有一些牛吗?

There won't be any trouble.(修饰不可数名词)

没有任何麻烦。

2. 用于条件状语从句

If there is any trouble, let me know.

如果有什么麻烦,要让我知道。

3. any 用于肯定句时,通常要重读,修饰单数可数名词和不可数名词。

Any time you want me, just send for me.

什么时候你需要我,随时叫我来。

Come any day you like.

只要你喜欢,随时可以来。

will和would

注意:

1)would like; Would like to do = want to 想要,为固定搭配。

Would you like to go with me?

2)Will you…? Would you like…? 表示肯定含义的请求劝说时,疑问句中一般用some, 而不是any。

Would you like some cake?

3)否定结构中用will,一般不用would, won't you是一种委婉语气。

Won't you sit down?

at heart和by heart的区别

这一组短语的涵义也各不相同。

At heart 的意思是“在心里”、“心底里”或“本质上”(from theheart,from the bottom of one's heart or essentially)。byheart 的意思是“背诵”、“熟记”(by rote;to learn so well thatone can remember it perfectly)。请看下面例句:

That socialite is a rascal at heart.

那个知名人士实质上是个坏蛋。

A councillor should have the collective interest of society at heart.

议员应当关心大众的利益。

At heart,Mr.Lin does not approve your proposal.

林先生的心里并不赞同你的建议。

Mr.Wang looks stem,but he is kind at heart.

王先生看来严肃,但买质上他很仁慈。

I know this poem by heart.

我熟读/我能背诵这首诗。

I don't see the point of learning by heart all the dates in the history book!

我真不明白为什么要把历史书里所有的日期都要记下来!

请注意下列短语的意思:(跟前例 have something at heart相近)

in one's heart of hearts 在内心深处

take something to heart 认真考虑/关注某事

set one's heart on something 决心做/得到某事/物

cut(or touch)sb to the heart 触及某人痛处

one's heart is in something 把整个心放在某事上

most 与 most of 的区别

most与most of的区别在许多情况下与所修饰的名词是否带有限定词(如冠词、指示代词、物主代词、名词所有格等)有关,具体说来,应注意以下几点:

1. 若所修饰的名词前没有限定词,通常要用most,不用most of。如:

Most people agree with me. 多数人同意我的意见。

Most cheese is made from cow’s milk. 奶酪大都是用牛奶做的。

Most people work from nine to five. 大多数人从9点工作到5点。

但是,在习惯上不带冠词的专有名词(如人名和地名等)或抽象名词(如学科名词等)前,要用most of,不用most。如:

Most of George seemed to be covered with hair. 乔治身上好像大部分地方都长毛。

Most of Wales was without electricity last night. 昨天夜里,威尔士多数地区都停电了。

2. 若所修饰的名词前带有限定词,则用most of,不能只用most。如:

Most of my friends live abroad. 我的朋友大多数住在国外。

Most of the people here know each other. 这里大多数人互相认识。

He’s eaten two pizzas and most of a cold chicken. 他吃了两张比萨饼和大半只冷鸡。

Most of those workers have still been unable to find jobs. 这批工人中大多数仍未能找到工作。

注意要不按汉语思维电影,将限定词放在most之前。如:

误:My most friends live abroad.

误:The most people here know each other.

误:He’s eaten two pizzas and a most cold chicken.

误:Those most workers have still been unable to find jobs.

对于可数名词来说,如果是单数形式,不能直接在其前使用most,而应使用“most of+限定词+单数可数名词”的形式。如:

Narrative makes up most of the book. 记叙文占书的大部分。

You’ve got most of the bed as usual. 你跟往常一样占了大半张床。

The hen sits for most of the day. 这只母鸡整天大部分时间都在抱窝。

It was wet and windy for most of the week. 一周大半时间都是又下雨又刮风。

3. 若直接用在代词之前,要用most of,不用most。如:

A few people were killed in the fire, but most were saved. 在那场火灾中,有几个人被烧死,但大部分人都得救了。

Some potatoes have been harvested, but most are still in the ground. 一些土豆已经收获了,但大多数仍然在地里。

5. most (of) …用作主语时,其谓语的数需根据它所修饰或代表的名词的数来确定。如:

Most of her books were stolen. 她的大部分书被偷走了。

Most of her money was stolen. 她的大部分钱被走偷了。

6. most与most of修饰名词时有时在含义上有差别,即前者多表示泛指,后者多表示特指。比较:

Most people like to spend Christmas at home. 多数人喜欢在家里过圣诞节。

Most of the people I know like to spend Christmas at home. 我所认识的人当中,多数人喜欢在家里过圣诞节。

Most of us thought he was wrong. 我们大多数人认为他错了。

Most of them probably eat too much meat. 他们大多数人都吃太多的肉了。

He has a lot of free time—he spends most of it in the garden. 他空闲时间很多——大都消磨在花园里了。

注意,在关系代词前也只能用most of,不用most。如:

The buses, most of which were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. 公共汽车大多数都已经挤满了人,它们被愤怒的人群包围着。

I have a number of American relatives, most of whom live in Texas. 我有一些美国亲戚,他们大都住在得克萨斯。

另外,在连接代词what引导的从句前也是用most of,不用most。如:

I learned most of what I know about gardening through trial and error. 我的大部分园艺知识都是通过不断摸索学到的。

4. 如果意思明确,most后所修饰的名词可以省略,但most of后所修饰的名词永远不能省略,也就是说,如果是不修饰名词而单独使用,只能用most,不用most of。如:

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